Ílhtelstexw Te Shxwelí

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Xpá:yelhp

(tree)

Xpá:y

(wood)

Xpá:ytses

(bough)

Slewíy

(inner bark)

Sókw'em

(outer bark)

Lháts’tel

(split bark strips)

Á:wkw’

(cedar clothing)

Si:tel

(cedar basket)

Cedar, Western Red

Thuja plicata

Origins
INDIGENOUS
INTRODUCED
Niche/Zone
1
2
3
4

Ecology

Grows at Low to medium elevations.

Commonly found in: Shady forests. Moist to wet soils, bogs, and rich to drier habitats.

Uses

Medicine
  • Relieves coughs, colds, sore throat, hoarseness, respiratory issues.
  • Antifungal and antibacterial.
Material
  • Inner bark is shredded and used for clothing and diapers.
  • Inner bark strips used for headbands, hats.
  • Wood carved, burned, made into longhouse planks, carved into canoes, masks and other items.
  • Roots split for making baskets.
  • Boughs used as mats and for spiritual purposes.
  • Withes (limbs) twisted into rope.
Alder, Red • Avens, Large Leaved • Blackberry, Himalayan • Blackberry, Wild Trailing • Blackcap • Bleeding Heart, Pacific • Burdock • Cascara • Cattail Rush • Cherry, Wild Bitter • Clover, Red • Clover, White • Coltsfoot • Cottonwood • Currant, Red Flowering • Dandelion • Devil’s Club • Dock, Bitter / Round-Leaved • Dock, Yellow / Curly (aka Wild rhubarb) • Dogbane, Spreading • Dogwood, Red-Osier • Elderberry, Red • Fern, Licorice • Fern, Parsley (aka American Rockbrake) • Fern, Sword • Fir, Douglas • Ginger, Wild Western • Hawthorn, Black • Hazelnut, Beaked • Heal-all, Self-heal • Hellebore, False Green / Indian • Hemlock, Western • Honeysuckle, Wild / Orange • Horsetail, Common • Huckleberry, Red • Juniper • Kinnikinnik / Bearberry (aka Indian tobacco) • Labrador Tea / Swamp Tea • Maple, Broadleaf / Bigleaf • Maple, Vine • Mock Orange • Mountain Ash, Sitka • Nettle, Stinging (aka Indian spinach) • Oceanspray (aka Ironwood) • Onion, Nodding • Oregon Grape, Dull / Short • Osoberry / June Plum / Indian Plum • Pacific Ninebark • Plantain, Common / Broad Leaf • Plantain, Ribber / Sword • Primrose, Evening (aka Evening Star, or King’s Cure-All) • Rose, Nootka / Wild • Salal • Saskatoon Berry • Sheep Sorrel / Sour Weed • Siberian Miner’s Lettuce / Springbeauty • Skunk Cabbage • Spiraea / Western Hardhack • Spruce, Sitka • St. John’s Wort, Common • Strawberry, Wild • Tansy • Trillium • Usnea (aka Old Man’s Beard) • Watercress • Willow, Sitka • Yarrow • Yellow Pond-Lily / Spatterdock • Yew, Pacific / Western

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Alder, Red • Avens, Large Leaved • Blackberry, Wild Trailing • Blackcap • Bleeding Heart, Pacific • Burdock • Cascara • Cattail Rush • Cherry, Wild Bitter • Coltsfoot • Cottonwood • Currant, Red Flowering • Devil’s Club • Dogbane, Spreading • Dogwood, Red-Osier • Elderberry, Red • Fern, Licorice • Fern, Parsley (aka American Rockbrake) • Fern, Sword • Fir, Douglas • Ginger, Wild Western • Hazelnut, Beaked • Heal-all, Self-heal • Hellebore, False Green / Indian • Hemlock, Western • Honeysuckle, Wild / Orange • Horsetail, Common • Horsetail, Giant • Huckleberry, Evergreen • Huckleberry, Oval-leaved / Black • Huckleberry, Red • Juniper • Kinnikinnik / Bearberry (aka Indian tobacco) • Labrador Tea / Swamp Tea • Lily, Chocolate • Lily, Tiger • Maple, Broadleaf / Bigleaf • Maple, Vine • Mock Orange • Mountain Ash, Sitka • Mushroom, Pine • Nettle, Stinging (aka Indian spinach) • Oceanspray (aka Ironwood) • Onion, Nodding • Oregon Grape, Dull / Short • Osoberry / June Plum / Indian Plum • Pacific Ninebark • Plantain, Common / Broad Leaf • Plantain, Ribber / Sword • Primrose, Evening (aka Evening Star, or King’s Cure-All) • Rose, Nootka / Wild • Salal • Salmonberry • Saskatoon Berry • Siberian Miner’s Lettuce / Springbeauty • Skunk Cabbage • Soapberry • Spiraea / Western Hardhack • Spruce, Sitka • St. John’s Wort, Common • Strawberry, Wild • Thimbleberry • Trillium • Usnea (aka Old Man’s Beard) • Vanilla Leaf • Willow, Sitka • Yarrow • Yellow Pond-Lily / Spatterdock • Yew, Pacific / Western

Prefer a formatted list? View all in Indigenous

Alder, Red • Avens, Large Leaved • Blackberry, Himalayan • Blackberry, Wild Trailing • Blackcap • Bleeding Heart, Pacific • Burdock • Cascara • Cattail Rush • Cherry, Wild Bitter • Clover, Red • Clover, White • Cottonwood • Currant, Red Flowering • Dandelion • Devil’s Club • Dock, Bitter / Round-Leaved • Dock, Yellow / Curly (aka Wild rhubarb) • Dogbane, Spreading • Dogwood, Red-Osier • Elderberry, Red • Fern, Licorice • Fern, Parsley (aka American Rockbrake) • Fern, Sword • Fir, Douglas • Ginger, Wild Western • Hawthorn, Black • Hazelnut, Beaked • Heal-all, Self-heal • Hellebore, False Green / Indian • Hemlock, Western • Honeysuckle, Wild / Orange • Horsetail, Common • Horsetail, Giant • Huckleberry, Red • Juniper • Kinnikinnik / Bearberry (aka Indian tobacco) • Labrador Tea / Swamp Tea • Lily, Chocolate • Lily, Tiger • Maple, Broadleaf / Bigleaf • Maple, Vine • Mock Orange • Nettle, Stinging (aka Indian spinach) • Oceanspray (aka Ironwood) • Onion, Nodding • Oregon Grape, Dull / Short • Osoberry / June Plum / Indian Plum • Pacific Ninebark • Plantain, Common / Broad Leaf • Plantain, Ribber / Sword • Primrose, Evening (aka Evening Star, or King’s Cure-All) • Rose, Nootka / Wild • Salal • Salmonberry • Saskatoon Berry • Sheep Sorrel / Sour Weed • Siberian Miner’s Lettuce / Springbeauty • Skunk Cabbage • Soapberry • Spiraea / Western Hardhack • Spruce, Sitka • St. John’s Wort, Common • Strawberry, Wild • Tansy • Thimbleberry • Trillium • Vanilla Leaf • Watercress • Willow, Sitka • Yarrow • Yellow Pond-Lily / Spatterdock

Prefer a formatted list? View all in Zone 2